High-throughput, single-copy sequencing reveals SARS-CoV-2 spike variants coincident with mounting humoral immunity during acute COVID-19

• Sung Hee Ko ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Sung Hee Ko, Elham Bayat Mokhtari, Prakriti Mudvari

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

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• Elham Bayat Mokhtari ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Sung Hee Ko, Elham Bayat Mokhtari, Prakriti Mudvari

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6339-1673

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• Prakriti Mudvari ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Sung Hee Ko, Elham Bayat Mokhtari, Prakriti Mudvari

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

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• Sydney Stein,

  Roles Investigation

  Affiliations Emerging Pathogens Section, Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America, Laboratory of Immunoregulation, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0259-4485

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• Christopher D. Stringham,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0487-5157

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• Danielle Wagner,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5819-1426

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• Sabrina Ramelli,

  Roles Investigation

  Affiliation Emerging Pathogens Section, Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

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• Marcos J. Ramos-Benitez,

  Roles Investigation

  Affiliations Emerging Pathogens Section, Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America, Laboratory of Immunoregulation, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9445-3294

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• Jeffrey R. Strich,

  Roles Resources

  Affiliation Emerging Pathogens Section, Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

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• Richard T. Davey Jr.,

  Roles Resources

  Affiliation Laboratory of Immunoregulation, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3992-5524

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• Tongqing Zhou,

  Roles Investigation

  Affiliation Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3935-4637

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• John Misasi,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7169-2639

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• Peter D. Kwong,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Supervision

  Affiliation Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3560-232X

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• Daniel S. Chertow,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Resources, Supervision

  Affiliations Emerging Pathogens Section, Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America, Laboratory of Immunoregulation, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

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• Nancy J. Sullivan,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

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•  [ ... ],
• Eli A. Boritz

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: boritze@niaid.nih.gov

  Affiliation Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4633-4594

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