Pre-existing heterosubtypic immunity provides a barrier to airborne transmission of influenza viruses

• Valerie Le Sage,

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8388-6836

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• Jennifer E. Jones,

  Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology

  Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9970-1063

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• Karen A. Kormuth,

  Roles Investigation

  Current address: Biology Department, Bethany College, Bethany, West Virginia, United States of America

  Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

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• William J. Fitzsimmons,

  Roles Methodology

  Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

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• Eric Nturibi,

  Roles Investigation

  Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5525-3828

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• Gabriella H. Padovani,

  Roles Investigation

  Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5434-8788

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• Claudia P. Arevalo,

  Roles Methodology

  Affiliation Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4062-1605

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• Andrea J. French,

  Roles Investigation

  Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1210-4857

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• Annika J. Avery,

  Roles Investigation

  Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1135-7462

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• Richard Manivanh,

  Roles Investigation

  Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4240-6407

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• Elizabeth E. McGrady,

  Roles Data curation

  Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1051-3913

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• Amar R. Bhagwat,

  Roles Investigation

  Current address: II-VI Aerospace & Defense in Dayton, Ohio, United States of America

  Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0139-3489

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• Adam S. Lauring,

  Roles Formal analysis

  Affiliations Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2906-8335

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• Scott E. Hensley,

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition

  Affiliation Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2928-7506

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• Seema S. Lakdawala

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: Lakdawala@pitt.edu

  Affiliations Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7679-2150

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