Phylogenomics of 8,839 Clostridioides difficile genomes reveals recombination-driven evolution and diversification of toxin A and B

• Michael J. Mansfield ,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ Co-first authors

  Affiliations Department of Biology, David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, and Waterloo Centre for Microbial Research, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, Genomics and Regulatory Systems Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa, Japan

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4717-4721

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• Benjamin J-M Tremblay ,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ Co-first authors

  Affiliation Department of Biology, David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, and Waterloo Centre for Microbial Research, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7441-2951

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• Ji Zeng,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology

  Affiliations Department of Urology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8770-3048

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• Xin Wei,

  Roles Methodology, Software

  Affiliation Department of Biology, David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, and Waterloo Centre for Microbial Research, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada

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• Harold Hodgins,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis

  Affiliation Department of Biology, David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, and Waterloo Centre for Microbial Research, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada

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• Jay Worley,

  Roles Data curation, Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Massachusetts Host-Microbiome Center, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5923-1159

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• Lynn Bry,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Project administration, Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Massachusetts Host-Microbiome Center, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

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• Min Dong ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: min.dong@childrens.harvard.edu (MD); acdoxey@uwaterloo.ca (ACD)

  Affiliations Department of Urology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1744-7293

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• Andrew C. Doxey

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: min.dong@childrens.harvard.edu (MD); acdoxey@uwaterloo.ca (ACD)

  Affiliation Department of Biology, David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, and Waterloo Centre for Microbial Research, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2015-099X

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