Fatal progression of experimental visceral leishmaniasis is associated with intestinal parasitism and secondary infection by commensal bacteria, and is delayed by antibiotic prophylaxis

• Michael D. Lewis ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: michael.lewis@lshtm.ac.uk

  Affiliations Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, United Kingdom, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9540-3280

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• Andrea Paun,

  Roles Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3600-724X

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• Audrey Romano,

  Roles Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Current address: BILHIGenetics, Research and Development, Marseille, France

  Affiliation Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

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• Harry Langston,

  Roles Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, United Kingdom

  http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7098-0436

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• Charlotte A. Langner,

  Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Visualization

  Affiliation Barrier Immunity Section, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

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• Ian N. Moore,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Infectious Disease Pathogenesis Section, Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

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• Kevin W. Bock,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Infectious Disease Pathogenesis Section, Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9454-0937

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• Amanda Fortes Francisco,

  Roles Investigation, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, United Kingdom

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• Jason M. Brenchley,

  Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Barrier Immunity Section, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

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• David L. Sacks

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Resources, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

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