Distinct rates and patterns of spread of the major HIV-1 subtypes in Central and East Africa

• Nuno R. Faria ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: nuno.faria@zoo.ox.ac.uk

  Affiliation Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

  http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8839-2798

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• Nicole Vidal,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation TransVIHMI, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, INSERM, and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France

  http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7022-2643

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• José Lourenco,

  Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

  http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9318-2581

  ⨯
• Jayna Raghwani,

  Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

  http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8538-4995

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• Kim C. E. Sigaloff,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Funding acquisition, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Department of Global Health, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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• Andy J. Tatem,

  Roles Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Geography and Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom, Flowminder Foundation, Stockholm, Sweden

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• David A. M. van de Vijver,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Viroscience Department, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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• Andrea-Clemencia Pineda-Peña,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Global Health and Tropical Medicine—Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal, Molecular Biology and Immunology Department, Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia, Basic Sciences Department, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia

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• Rebecca Rose,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Bioinfoexperts, LLC, Thibodaux, Los Angeles, United States of America

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• Carole L. Wallis,

  Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Molecular Pathology, Lancet Laboratories and BARC-SA, Johannesburg, South Africa

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• Steve Ahuka-Mundeke,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Institut National de Recherche Biomedicales, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo and Service de Microbiologie, Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

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• Jean-Jacques Muyembe-Tamfum,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Institut National de Recherche Biomedicales, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo and Service de Microbiologie, Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

  ⨯
• Jérémie Muwonga,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation AIDS national laboratory and Service de Microbiologie, Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

  http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0800-6146

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• Marc A. Suchard,

  Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Departments of Biomathematics and Human Genetics David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, and Department of Biostatistics UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9818-479X

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• Tobias F. Rinke de Wit,

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Department of Global Health, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

  ⨯
• Raph L. Hamers,

  Roles Conceptualization, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Department of Global Health, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

  http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5007-7896

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• Nicaise Ndembi,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Investigation, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Institute of Human Virology, Abuja, Nigeria

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• Guy Baele,

  Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, Laboratory for Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Leuven, Belgium

  http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1915-7732

  ⨯
• Martine Peeters,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation TransVIHMI, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, INSERM, and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France

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• Oliver G. Pybus,

  Roles Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

  ⨯
• Philippe Lemey,

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, Laboratory for Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Leuven, Belgium

  http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2826-5353

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•  [ ... ],
• Simon Dellicour

  Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, Laboratory for Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Leuven, Belgium, Spatial Epidemiology Lab, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxels, Belgium

  http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9558-1052

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