Human APOBEC3 Induced Mutation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 Contributes to Adaptation and Evolution in Natural Infection

• Eun-Young Kim,

  Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

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• Ramon Lorenzo-Redondo,

  Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

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• Susan J. Little,

  Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America

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• Yoon-Seok Chung,

  Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

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• Prabhjeet K. Phalora,

  Affiliation Department of Infectious Diseases, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom

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• Irina Maljkovic Berry,

  Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

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• John Archer,

  Affiliation Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom

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• Sudhir Penugonda,

  Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

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• Will Fischer,

  Affiliation Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America

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• Douglas D. Richman,

  Affiliations Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, United States of America

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• Tanmoy Bhattacharya,

  Affiliations Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America, Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States of America

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• Michael H. Malim ,

  * E-mail: Michael.malim@kcl.ac.uk (MHM); s-wolinsky@northwestern.edu (SMW)

  Affiliation Department of Infectious Diseases, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom

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• Steven M. Wolinsky

  * E-mail: Michael.malim@kcl.ac.uk (MHM); s-wolinsky@northwestern.edu (SMW)

  Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

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