The CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitory Pathways Independently Regulate Host Resistance to Plasmodium-induced Acute Immune Pathology

Julius Clemence R. Hafalla; Carla Claser; Kevin N. Couper; Georges Emile Grau; Laurent Renia; J. Brian de Souza; Eleanor M. Riley

doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002504

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Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

The CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitory Pathways Independently Regulate Host Resistance to Plasmodium-induced Acute Immune Pathology

Julius Clemence R. Hafalla ,

* E-mail: Julius.Hafalla@lshtm.ac.uk

Affiliation Department of Immunology and Infection, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
⨯
Carla Claser,

Affiliation Laboratory of Malaria Immunobiology, Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore
⨯
Kevin N. Couper,

Affiliation Department of Immunology and Infection, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
⨯
Georges Emile Grau,

Affiliation Vascular Immunology Unit, Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
⨯
Laurent Renia,

Affiliation Laboratory of Malaria Immunobiology, Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore
⨯
J. Brian de Souza ,

Contributed equally to this work with: J. Brian de Souza, Eleanor M. Riley

Affiliations Department of Immunology and Infection, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London Medical School, London, United Kingdom
⨯
Eleanor M. Riley

Contributed equally to this work with: J. Brian de Souza, Eleanor M. Riley

Affiliation Department of Immunology and Infection, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
⨯

The CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitory Pathways Independently Regulate Host Resistance to Plasmodium-induced Acute Immune Pathology

Julius Clemence R. Hafalla,
Carla Claser,
Kevin N. Couper,
Georges Emile Grau,
Laurent Renia,
J. Brian de Souza,
Eleanor M. Riley

Published: February 2, 2012
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002504

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29 Mar 2013
19:43 GMT
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Several issues with the Figures Posted by knudsonm on 29 Mar 2013 at 19:43 GMT

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