Induction of Noxa-Mediated Apoptosis by Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara Depends on Viral Recognition by Cytosolic Helicases, Leading to IRF-3/IFN-β-Dependent Induction of Pro-Apoptotic Noxa

• Pedro Eitz Ferrer,

  Affiliations Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany, Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Biology, Freiburg, Germany

  ⨯
• Stephanie Potthoff,

  Affiliation Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany

  ⨯
• Susanne Kirschnek,

  Affiliation Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany

  ⨯
• Georg Gasteiger,

  Affiliation Institute of Virology and Clinical Cooperation Group “Antigen-specific Immunotherapy”, TechnischeUniversitätMünchen and Helmholtz ZentrumMünchen, Munich, Germany

  ⨯
• Wolfgang Kastenmüller,

  Affiliation Institute of Virology and Clinical Cooperation Group “Antigen-specific Immunotherapy”, TechnischeUniversitätMünchen and Helmholtz ZentrumMünchen, Munich, Germany

  ⨯
• Holger Ludwig,

  Current address: Meyer-Dulheuer & Partner, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.

  Affiliation Division of Virology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany

  ⨯
• Stefan A. Paschen,

  Affiliation Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany

  ⨯
• Andreas Villunger,

  Affiliation Division of Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria

  ⨯
• Gerd Sutter,

  Affiliations Division of Virology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany, Institute for Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany

  ⨯
• Ingo Drexler,

  Affiliation Institute of Virology and Clinical Cooperation Group “Antigen-specific Immunotherapy”, TechnischeUniversitätMünchen and Helmholtz ZentrumMünchen, Munich, Germany

  ⨯
• Georg Häcker

  * E-mail: georg.haecker@uniklinik-freiburg.de

  Affiliation Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany

  ⨯