About the Authors

Adrianus C. M. Boon

jboon@wustl.edu

Affiliations Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America, Department of Pathology and Immunology Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America, Department of Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Tamarand L. Darling

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Peter J. Halfmann

Affiliation Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

John Franks

Affiliation Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America

Richard J. Webby

Affiliation Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America

Dan H. Barouch

Affiliations Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Julia R. Port

Affiliation Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, United States of America

Vincent J. Munster

Affiliation Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, United States of America

Michael S. Diamond

Affiliations Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America, Department of Pathology and Immunology Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America, Department of Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America, The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine. St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Yoshihiro Kawaoka

Affiliations Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America, Department of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan

Competing Interests

I have read the journal’s policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: D.H.B is a co-inventor on provisional vaccine patents (63/121,482; 63/133,969; 63/135,182). The Boon laboratory has received unrelated funding support in sponsored research agreements from AI Therapeutics, GreenLight Biosciences Inc., and Nano targeting & Therapy Biopharma Inc. The Boon laboratory has received funding support from AbbVie Inc., for the commercial development of SARS-CoV-2 mAb. M.S.D. is a consultant for Inbios, Vir Biotechnology, Senda Biosciences, and Carnival Corporation, on the Scientific Advisory Boards of Moderna and Immunome, and has licensed mucosal vaccine technology to Bharat Biotech and Ocugen. The Diamond laboratory has received unrelated funding support in sponsored research agreements from Vir Biotechnology, Kaleido, and Emergent BioSolutions and past support from Moderna not related to these studies. The authors report no other conflict of interest.