About the Authors

Vinicius A. Vieira

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, HIV Pathogenesis Programme, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa

Emily Adland

Roles Data curation

Affiliation Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

David F. G. Malone

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

Maureen P. Martin

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology

Affiliation Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD and Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Andreas Groll

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Statistics, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany

M. Azim Ansari

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

Maria C. Garcia-Guerrero

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Badalona, Spain

Mari C. Puertas

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Badalona, Spain, CIBER en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Madrid, Spain

Maximilian Muenchhoff

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Max von Pettenkofer Institute & Gene Center, Virology, National Reference Center for Retroviruses, LMU München, Munich, Germany, German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Munich, Munich, Germany

Claudia Fortuny Guash

Roles Data curation

Affiliations Infectious Diseases and Systemic Inflammatory Response in Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Sant Joan de Déu Hospital Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain, Center for Biomedical Network Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain, Department of Pediatrics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, Translational Research Network in Pediatric Infectious Diseases (RITIP), Madrid, Spain

Christian Brander

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Badalona, Spain, CIBER en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Madrid, Spain, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Vic, Spain, Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain

Javier Martinez-Picado

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Badalona, Spain, CIBER en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Madrid, Spain, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Vic, Spain, Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Spain

Alasdair Bamford

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom

Gareth Tudor-Williams

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom

Thumbi Ndung’u

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations HIV Pathogenesis Programme, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa, Africa Health Research Institute (AHRI), Durban, South Africa, Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Chariteplatz, Berlin, Germany, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom

Bruce D. Walker

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations HIV Pathogenesis Programme, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa, Africa Health Research Institute (AHRI), Durban, South Africa, Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Veron Ramsuran

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa, Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa

John Frater

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom

Pieter Jooste

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Paediatrics, Kimberley Hospital, Kimberley, South Africa

Dimitra Peppa

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom

Mary Carrington

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD and Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America, Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Philip J. R. Goulder

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

philip.goulder@paediatrics.ox.ac.uk

Affiliations Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, HIV Pathogenesis Programme, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.