About the Authors

Yuta Shirogane

Contributed equally to this work with: Yuta Shirogane, Elsa Rousseau, Jakub Voznica

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America, Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan

Elsa Rousseau

Contributed equally to this work with: Yuta Shirogane, Elsa Rousseau, Jakub Voznica

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Industrial and Applied Genomics, AI and Cognitive Software Division, IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, California, United States of America, NSF Center for Cellular Construction, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Jakub Voznica

Contributed equally to this work with: Yuta Shirogane, Elsa Rousseau, Jakub Voznica

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America, ENS Cachan, Université Paris-Saclay, Cachan, France

Yinghong Xiao

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Weiheng Su

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America, National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China

Adam Catching

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Zachary J. Whitfield

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Igor M. Rouzine

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Current address: Immunogenetics, Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry RAS, Saint-Petersburg, Russia

Affiliations Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America, Laboratoire de Biologie Computationnelle et Quantitative, Sorbonne Universite, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Paris, France

Simone Bianco

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

sbianco@us.ibm.com (SB); raul.andino@ucsf.edu (RA)

Affiliations Department of Industrial and Applied Genomics, AI and Cognitive Software Division, IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, California, United States of America, NSF Center for Cellular Construction, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Raul Andino

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

sbianco@us.ibm.com (SB); raul.andino@ucsf.edu (RA)

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.