About the Authors

Sheng Shen

Contributed equally to this work with: Sheng Shen, Zhanglian Xie

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America

Zhanglian Xie

Contributed equally to this work with: Sheng Shen, Zhanglian Xie

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America

Dawei Cai

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Assembly Biosciences, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, United States of America

Xiaoyang Yu

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Visualization

Affiliations Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America

Hu Zhang

Roles Methodology, Validation, Visualization

Affiliations Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America

Elena S. Kim

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America

Bin Zhou

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America

Jinlin Hou

Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

Xiaoyong Zhang

Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

Qi Huang

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

qi@assemblybio.com (QH); sunjian@smu.edu.cn (JS); guoh4@upmc.edu (HG)

Affiliation Assembly Biosciences, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, United States of America

Jian Sun

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

qi@assemblybio.com (QH); sunjian@smu.edu.cn (JS); guoh4@upmc.edu (HG)

Affiliation Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

Haitao Guo

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

qi@assemblybio.com (QH); sunjian@smu.edu.cn (JS); guoh4@upmc.edu (HG)

Affiliations Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America, Cancer Virology Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America

Competing Interests

I have read the journal's policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: HG consults for Assembly Biosciences, Aligos and holds stocks of Arbutus. QH and DC are employees of Assembly Biosciences. JH consults for AbbVie, Arbutus, Bristol Myers Squibb, Gilead Sciences, Johnson &Johnson, Roche and received grants from Bristol Myers Squibb and Johnson &Johnson.