About the Authors

Claire Scott

Roles Investigation

Current address: Covance, Springfield House, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom

Affiliations Leeds Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, St James’s University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom, Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom

Jayakanth Kankanala

Roles Investigation, Methodology

Current address: Centre for Drug Design, University of Minnesota, Nils Hasselmo Hall, Minneapolis, United States of America

Affiliations Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom

Toshana L. Foster

Roles Investigation, Methodology

Current address: Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington, Leicestershire, United Kingdom

Affiliations Leeds Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, St James’s University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom, Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom

Daniel H. Goldhill

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation

Affiliation Faculty of Medicine, Section of Virology, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom

Peng Bao

Roles Investigation, Methodology

Affiliation Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom

Katie Simmons

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology

Affiliations Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom

Marieke Pingen

Roles Investigation

Current address: Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom

Affiliation Leeds Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, St James’s University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom

Matthew Bentham

Roles Investigation

Affiliations Leeds Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, St James’s University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom, Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom

Elizabeth Atkins

Roles Investigation, Methodology

Current address: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

Affiliations Leeds Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, St James’s University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom, Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom

Eleni Loundras

Roles Investigation

Affiliations Leeds Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, St James’s University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom, Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom

Ruth Elderfield

Roles Methodology, Supervision

Current address: Public Health England, Porton Down, Wiltshire,

Affiliation Faculty of Medicine, Section of Virology, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom

Jolyon K. Claridge

Roles Investigation

Current address: Structural and Molecular Microbiology, Structural Biology Research Centre, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan, Brussels, Belgium

Affiliation Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

Joseph Thompson

Roles Investigation, Methodology

Current address: School of Medicine, King's College London, Strand, London, England, United Kingdom

Affiliations Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom

Peter R. Stilwell

Roles Investigation, Methodology

Current address: Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, United Kingdom

Affiliation Faculty of Medicine, Section of Virology, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom

Ranjitha Tathineni

Roles Investigation

Current address: Laila Nutraceuticals R&D Centre, JRD Tata Industrial Estate, Kanur, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Affiliation Leeds Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, St James’s University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom

Clive S. McKimmie

Roles Resources, Supervision

Affiliation Leeds Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, St James’s University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom

Paul Targett-Adams

Roles Funding acquisition, Resources

Current address: Sygnature Discovery, BioCity, Nottingham United Kingdom

Affiliation Pfizer UK, Sandwich, Kent, United Kingdom

Jason R. Schnell

Roles Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

Graham P. Cook

Roles Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Leeds Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, St James’s University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom

Stephen Evans

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Supervision

Affiliation Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom

Wendy S. Barclay

Contributed equally to this work with: Wendy S. Barclay, Richard Foster

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Methodology, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Faculty of Medicine, Section of Virology, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom

Richard Foster

Contributed equally to this work with: Wendy S. Barclay, Richard Foster

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom

Stephen Griffin

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

s.d.c.griffin@leeds.ac.uk

Affiliations Leeds Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, St James’s University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom, Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

I have read the journal's policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: Dr. Paul Targett-Adams is a former employee of Pfizer Ltd. He was involved collaboratively with this project during inception and early stages and acted as a contact and advocate during the application for the Pfizer pump-priming award. He is presently an employee of Sygnature Discovery, who are not involved with this work. C. Scott is a previous employee of ReViral Ltd. and is now an employee of Covance. However, neither body supplied funding to, nor influenced this manuscript.