About the Authors

Kevin D. Raehtz

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Fredrik Barrenäs

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – original draft

Affiliations Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

Cuiling Xu

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Kathleen Busman-Sahay

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America

Audrey Valentine

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Lynn Law

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Diseases, University of Washington, Washington, United States of America

Dongzhu Ma

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Benjamin B. Policicchio

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Viskam Wijewardana

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Current address: IAEA Laboratories Seibersdorf, F Austria

Affiliation Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Egidio Brocca-Cofano

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Current address: BlueSphere Bio, UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Affiliation Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Anita Trichel

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Division of Laboratory Animal Resources, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Michael Gale Jr.

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Diseases, University of Washington, Washington, United States of America, Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Brandon F. Keele

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory of Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America

Jacob D. Estes

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America

Cristian Apetrei

Contributed equally to this work with: Cristian Apetrei, Ivona Pandrea

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

apetreic@pitt.edu (CA); pandrea@pitt.edu (IP)

Affiliations Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Ivona Pandrea

Contributed equally to this work with: Cristian Apetrei, Ivona Pandrea

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

apetreic@pitt.edu (CA); pandrea@pitt.edu (IP)

Affiliations Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.