About the Authors

Rokeya Siddiqui

Roles Investigation, Writing – original draft

Affiliations Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan, International Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan

Shinya Suzu

Roles Investigation, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

ssuzu06@kumamoto-u.ac.jp (SS); ariumi@kumamoto-u.ac.jp (YA)

Affiliations Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan, International Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan

Mikinori Ueno

Roles Investigation

Affiliations Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan, International Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan

Hesham Nasser

Roles Investigation

Affiliations Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan, International Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan, Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

Ryota Koba

Roles Investigation

Affiliations Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan, International Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan, Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan

Farzana Bhuyan

Roles Investigation

Affiliations Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan, International Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan

Osamu Noyori

Roles Investigation

Affiliations Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan, International Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan

Sofiane Hamidi

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology

Affiliation International Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan

Guojun Sheng

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology

Affiliation International Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan

Mariko Yasuda-Inoue

Roles Investigation

Affiliations Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan, International Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan

Takayuki Hishiki

Roles Resources

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan

Sayaka Sukegawa

Roles Investigation, Resources

Affiliation National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Eri Miyagi

Roles Investigation, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Klaus Strebel

Roles Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Shuzo Matsushita

Roles Resources

Affiliation Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan

Kunitada Shimotohno

Roles Resources

Affiliation Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan

Yasuo Ariumi

Roles Funding acquisition, Investigation, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

ssuzu06@kumamoto-u.ac.jp (SS); ariumi@kumamoto-u.ac.jp (YA)

Affiliations Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan, International Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.