About the Authors

Krystelle Nganou-Makamdop

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Current address: Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.

Affiliation Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

James M. Billingsley

Roles Formal analysis, Software, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Zachary Yaffe

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology

Affiliation Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Gregory O’Connor

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology

Affiliation Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Gregory K. Tharp

Roles Formal analysis, Resources, Software

Affiliation Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Amy Ransier

Roles Methodology

Affiliation Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Farida Laboune

Roles Methodology

Affiliation Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Rodrigo Matus-Nicodemos

Roles Methodology

Affiliation Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Andrea Lerner

Roles Methodology

Affiliation Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Lavina Gharu

Roles Methodology

Affiliation Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Jennifer M. Robertson

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology

Affiliation Department of Surgery and Emory Transplant Center, Emory University School of Medicine and Emory Healthcare, Atlanta, GA

Mandy L. Ford

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology

Affiliation Department of Surgery and Emory Transplant Center, Emory University School of Medicine and Emory Healthcare, Atlanta, GA

Martin Schlapschy

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Lehrstuhl für Biologische Chemie, Technische Universität München, Freising (Weihenstephan), Germany

Nadine Kuhn

Roles Methodology

Affiliation Lehrstuhl für Biologische Chemie, Technische Universität München, Freising (Weihenstephan), Germany

Alexandra Lensch

Roles Methodology

Affiliation Lehrstuhl für Biologische Chemie, Technische Universität München, Freising (Weihenstephan), Germany

Jeffrey Lifson

Roles Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology

Affiliation AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America

Martha Nason

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology

Affiliation Biostatistics Research Branch, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Arne Skerra

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Lehrstuhl für Biologische Chemie, Technische Universität München, Freising (Weihenstephan), Germany, XL-protein GmbH, Freising, Germany

Gideon Schreiber

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel

Steven E. Bosinger

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Daniel C. Douek

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

ddouek@mail.nih.gov

Affiliation Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Competing Interests

AS and MS are shareholders of XL-protein GmbH. Otherwise, the authors declare no conflict of interest.