About the Authors

Taj Azarian

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft

tazarian@hsph.harvard.edu

Affiliation Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics, Department of Epidemiology, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University; Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Lindsay R. Grant

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Center for American Indian Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; United States of America

Brian J. Arnold

Roles Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics, Department of Epidemiology, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University; Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Laura L. Hammitt

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Center for American Indian Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; United States of America

Raymond Reid

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Center for American Indian Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; United States of America

Mathuram Santosham

Roles Investigation, Project administration, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Center for American Indian Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; United States of America

Robert Weatherholtz

Roles Investigation, Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Center for American Indian Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; United States of America

Novalene Goklish

Roles Investigation, Project administration, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Center for American Indian Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; United States of America

Claudette M. Thompson

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics, Department of Epidemiology, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University; Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Stephen D. Bentley

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Katherine L. O’Brien

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Center for American Indian Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; United States of America

William P. Hanage

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics, Department of Epidemiology, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University; Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Marc Lipsitch

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics, Department of Epidemiology, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University; Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Competing Interests

M.L. has consulted for Pfizer, Affinivax and Merck and has received grant support not related to this paper from Pfizer and PATH Vaccine Solutions. W.P.H. and M.L. have consulted for Antigen Discovery Inc. The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.