About the Authors

Yusuke Nakano

Affiliation Laboratory of Systems Virology, Department of Biosystems Science, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

Naoko Misawa

Affiliation Laboratory of Systems Virology, Department of Biosystems Science, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

Guillermo Juarez-Fernandez

Affiliation Laboratory of Systems Virology, Department of Biosystems Science, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

Miyu Moriwaki

Affiliations Laboratory of Systems Virology, Department of Biosystems Science, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

Shinji Nakaoka

Affiliations Institute of Industrial Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan, PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan

Takaaki Funo

Affiliation Mathematical Biology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan

Eri Yamada

Affiliation Laboratory of Systems Virology, Department of Biosystems Science, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

Andrew Soper

Affiliation Laboratory of Systems Virology, Department of Biosystems Science, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

Rokusuke Yoshikawa

Current address: Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan

Affiliation Laboratory of Systems Virology, Department of Biosystems Science, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

Diako Ebrahimi

Affiliations Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America, Institute for Molecular Virology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America, Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America

Yuuya Tachiki

Affiliations Laboratory of Systems Virology, Department of Biosystems Science, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, Mathematical Biology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan

Shingo Iwami

Affiliations PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan, Mathematical Biology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan

Reuben S. Harris

Affiliations Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America, Institute for Molecular Virology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America, Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America

Yoshio Koyanagi

Affiliation Laboratory of Systems Virology, Department of Biosystems Science, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

Kei Sato

ksato@virus.kyoto-u.ac.jp

Affiliations Laboratory of Systems Virology, Department of Biosystems Science, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan

Competing Interests

RSH is a co-founder, shareholder, and consultant for ApoGen Biotechnologies, Inc. The other authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

Author Contributions

Conceptualization: KS. Data curation: SN DE. Formal analysis: SN TF YT SI. Funding acquisition: RSH YK KS. Investigation: YN NM GJF MM EY AS RY KS. Methodology: NM. Supervision: RSH YK KS. Validation: YN NM GJF MM EY AS RY KS. Visualization: KS. Writing – original draft: KS. Writing – review & editing: YN GJF SN DE SI RSH YK KS.