About the Authors

John K. Bui

Affiliations Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Howard Hughes Medical Research Fellows Program, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Michele D. Sobolewski

Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Brandon F. Keele

Affiliation AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research operated by Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland, United States of America

Jonathan Spindler

Affiliation HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America

Andrew Musick

Affiliation HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America

Ann Wiegand

Affiliation HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America

Brian T. Luke

Affiliation Advanced Biomedical Computing Center, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research operated by Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland, United States of America

Wei Shao

Affiliation Advanced Biomedical Computing Center, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research operated by Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland, United States of America

Stephen H. Hughes

Affiliation HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America

John M. Coffin

Affiliation Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Mary F. Kearney

Affiliation HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America

John W. Mellors

jwm1@pitt.edu

Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Competing Interests

JWM is a consultant for Gilead Sciences and a shareholder of Cocrystal Pharma, Inc. WS, BTL, and BFK are employees of Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc. No other authors report competing financial interests.

Author Contributions

Conceptualization: JKB SHH JMC MFK JWM. Data curation: JKB MDS BFK JS AM WS. Formal analysis: JKB MDS BFK JS AM BTL WS SHH JMC MFK JWM. Funding acquisition: BFK MFK JWM. Investigation: JKB MDS BFK JS AM BTL WS SHH JMC MFK JWM. Methodology: JKB MDS BFK AW BTL WS JMC MFK JWM. Project administration: JKB MDS BFK BTL WS JMC MFK JWM. Resources: JKB MDS BFK JS AM BTL WS MFK JWM. Software: JKB BFK BTL WS MFK JWM. Supervision: JKB MFK JWM. Validation: JKB MDS BFK JS AM AW BTL WS MFK JWM. Visualization: JKB JWM. Writing – original draft: JKB JWM. Writing – review & editing: JKB MDS BFK AW BTL SHH JMC MFK JWM.