About the Authors

Rafael Prados-Rosales

rprados@cicbiogune.es

‡ RPR and AC share senior authorship.

Affiliations Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY, United States of America, CIC bioGUNE, Bizkaia Technology Park, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain

Leandro Carreño

Affiliations Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY, United States of America, Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Programa Disciplinario de Inmunologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile

Tingting Cheng

Affiliations Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY, United States of America, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY, United States of America

Caroline Blanc

Affiliations Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY, United States of America, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY, United States of America

Brian Weinrick

Affiliations Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY, United States of America, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY, United States of America

Adel Malek

Affiliations Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY, United States of America, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY, United States of America

Todd L. Lowary

Affiliation Alberta Glycomics Centre and Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Gunning-Lemieux Chemistry Center, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Andres Baena

Affiliation Grupo de Inmunologia Celular e inmunogenetica, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia

Maju Joe

Affiliation Alberta Glycomics Centre and Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Gunning-Lemieux Chemistry Center, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Yu Bai

Affiliation Alberta Glycomics Centre and Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Gunning-Lemieux Chemistry Center, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Rainer Kalscheuer

Affiliation Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany

Ana Batista-Gonzalez

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY, United States of America

Noemi A. Saavedra

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY, United States of America

Leticia Sampedro

Affiliation CIC bioGUNE, Bizkaia Technology Park, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain

Julen Tomás

Affiliation CIC bioGUNE, Bizkaia Technology Park, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain

Juan Anguita

Affiliations CIC bioGUNE, Bizkaia Technology Park, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain, Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain

Shang-Cheng Hung

Affiliation Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan

Ashish Tripathi

Affiliation Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan

Jiayong Xu

Affiliations Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY, United States of America, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY, United States of America

Aharona Glatman-Freedman

Affiliations Infectious Diseases Unit, Israel Center for Disease Control, Israel Ministry of Health, Tel Hashomer, Israel, Department of Pediatrics, and Department of Family and Community Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States of America

Williams R. Jacobs Jr.

Affiliations Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY, United States of America, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY, United States of America

John Chan

Affiliations Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY, United States of America, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY, United States of America

Steven A. Porcelli

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY, United States of America

Jacqueline M. Achkar

Affiliations Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY, United States of America, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY, United States of America

Arturo Casadevall

‡ RPR and AC share senior authorship.

Affiliations Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY, United States of America, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceptualization: RPR AC. Data curation: RPR LC TC CB BW. Formal analysis: RPR TC CB BW. Funding acquisition: RPR AC JA JMA SAP WRJ JC. Investigation: RPR LC TC CB BW AM AB RK ABG NAS LS JT JA JX. Resources: AGF SCH AT YB MJ TLL. Supervision: RPR AC. Validation: RPR. Visualization: RPR TC TLL. Writing – original draft: RPR AC JMA. Writing – review & editing: RPR AC.