About the Authors

Gopal Sapparapu

Contributed equally to this work with: Gopal Sapparapu, Rita Czakó, Gabriela Alvarado

Affiliations Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America, Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America

Rita Czakó

Contributed equally to this work with: Gopal Sapparapu, Rita Czakó, Gabriela Alvarado

Affiliation Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America

Gabriela Alvarado

Contributed equally to this work with: Gopal Sapparapu, Rita Czakó, Gabriela Alvarado

Affiliation Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America

Sreejesh Shanker

Affiliation Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America

B. V. Venkataram Prasad

Affiliations Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America, Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America

Robert L. Atmar

Affiliations Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America

Mary K. Estes

Affiliations Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America

James E. Crowe Jr.

james.crowe@vanderbilt.edu

Affiliations Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America, Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America

Competing Interests

MKE is named as an inventor on patents related to cloning of the Norwalk virus genome. She has an equity interest in Takeda Pharmaceuticals North America through LigoCyte and may potentially benefit from the research results. RLA has received research grant funding from and is a consultant to Takeda Vaccines, Inc. MKE, RLA, BVVP, GS and JEC, are named inventors on a submitted patent application that includes claims related to the antibodies in this paper.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: GS RC GA RLA MKE JEC. Performed the experiments: GS RC SS GA. Analyzed the data: GS RC GA RLA MKE JEC. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: RLA SS BVVP MKE. Wrote the paper: GS JEC. Reviewed and edited the manuscript: GS RC GA SS BVVP RLA MKE JEC.