About the Authors

Wan Li

Contributed equally to this work with: Wan Li, Qin Yan

Affiliations State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China, Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China, Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China

Qin Yan

Contributed equally to this work with: Wan Li, Qin Yan

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China

Xiangya Ding

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China

Chenyou Shen

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China

Minmin Hu

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China

Ying Zhu

Affiliation Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Di Qin

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China

Hongmei Lu

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China

Brian J. Krueger

Affiliation Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America

Rolf Renne

Affiliation Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America

Shou-Jiang Gao

Affiliation Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Chun Lu

clu@njmu.edu.cn

Affiliations State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China, Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China, Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: CL. Performed the experiments: WL QY XD CS MH YZ. Analyzed the data: DQ SJG CL. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: HL BJK RR. Wrote the paper: SJG CL.