About the Authors

Christopher J. Neufeldt

Affiliations Department of Cell Biology University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Michael A. Joyce

Affiliations Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Nicholas Van Buuren

Affiliation Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America

Aviad Levin

Affiliations Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Karla Kirkegaard

Affiliation Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America

Michael Gale Jr.

Affiliation Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

D. Lorne J. Tyrrell

rick.wozniak@ualberta.ca (RWW); lorne.tyrrell@ualberta.ca (DLJT)

Affiliations Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Richard W. Wozniak

rick.wozniak@ualberta.ca (RWW); lorne.tyrrell@ualberta.ca (DLJT)

Affiliations Department of Cell Biology University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: CJN MAJ AL MG DLJT RWW. Performed the experiments: CJN NVB. Analyzed the data: CJN MAJ RWW. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: CJN MAJ NVB KK MG DLJT RWW. Wrote the paper: CJN MAJ DLJT RWW.