About the Authors

Devender Kumar

Affiliations Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

Laura C. Ristow

Current address: Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Affiliations Graduate Program in Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America, Center for Infectious Disease Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America

Meiqing Shi

Current address: Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America

Affiliations Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

Priyanka Mukherjee

Affiliations Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

Jennifer A. Caine

Affiliations Graduate Program in Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America, Center for Infectious Disease Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America

Woo-Yong Lee

Affiliations Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

Paul Kubes

Affiliations Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

Jenifer Coburn

Affiliations Graduate Program in Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America, Center for Infectious Disease Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, Unites States of America

George Chaconas

Chaconas@ucalgary.ca

Affiliations Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: DK LCR MS JAC WYL PK JC GC. Performed the experiments: DK MS. Analyzed the data: DK GC. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: LCR JAC WYL PK JC PM. Wrote the paper: DK GC.