About the Authors

Sunita Gulati

Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America

Ian C. Schoenhofen

ian.schoenhofen@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca (ICS); sanjay.ram@umassmed.edu (SR)

Affiliation Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

Dennis M. Whitfield

Affiliation Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

Andrew D. Cox

Affiliation Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

Jianjun Li
Frank St. Michael

Affiliation Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

Evgeny V. Vinogradov

Affiliation Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

Jacek Stupak

Affiliation Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

Bo Zheng

Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America

Makoto Ohnishi

Affiliation National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan

Magnus Unemo

Affiliation WHO Collaborating Centre for Gonorrhoea and Other STIs, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Microbiology, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden

Lisa A. Lewis

Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America

Rachel E. Taylor

Affiliation Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Departments of Medicine and Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America

Corinna S. Landig

Affiliation Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Departments of Medicine and Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America

Sandra Diaz

Affiliation Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Departments of Medicine and Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America

George W. Reed

Affiliation Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America

Ajit Varki

Affiliation Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Departments of Medicine and Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America

Peter A. Rice

Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America

Sanjay Ram

ian.schoenhofen@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca (ICS); sanjay.ram@umassmed.edu (SR)

Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SG ICS DMW AV PAR SR. Performed the experiments: SG DMW ADC BZ LAL RET CSL SD SR JL EVV FSM JS. Analyzed the data: SG ICS ADC CSL GWR AV PAR SR. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MO MU. Wrote the paper: SG ICS RET LAL CSL GWR AV PAR SR.