About the Authors

Aisling F. Brown

Contributed equally to this work with: Aisling F. Brown, Alison G. Murphy

Affiliation Host-Pathogen Interactions Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

Alison G. Murphy

Contributed equally to this work with: Aisling F. Brown, Alison G. Murphy

Affiliation Host-Pathogen Interactions Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

Stephen J. Lalor

Affiliation Host-Pathogen Interactions Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

John M. Leech

Affiliation Host-Pathogen Interactions Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

Kate M. O’Keeffe

Affiliation Host-Pathogen Interactions Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

Micheál Mac Aogáin

Affiliation Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

Dara P. O’Halloran

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, Moyne Institute of Preventive Medicine, School of Genetics and Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

Keenan A. Lacey

Affiliation Host-Pathogen Interactions Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

Mehri Tavakol

Affiliation Department of Medical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands

Claire H. Hearnden

Affiliation Adjuvant Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

Deirdre Fitzgerald-Hughes

Affiliation Department of Clinical Microbiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland

Hilary Humphreys

Affiliations Department of Clinical Microbiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland, Department of Microbiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland

Jérôme P. Fennell

Affiliations Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Adelaide Meath & National Children’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland

Willem J. van Wamel

Affiliation Department of Medical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands

Timothy J. Foster

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, Moyne Institute of Preventive Medicine, School of Genetics and Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

Joan A. Geoghegan

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, Moyne Institute of Preventive Medicine, School of Genetics and Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

Ed C. Lavelle

Affiliations Adjuvant Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland, Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

Thomas R. Rogers

Affiliations Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland, Department of Clinical Microbiology, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland

Rachel M. McLoughlin

rachel.mcloughlin@tcd.ie

Affiliation Host-Pathogen Interactions Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

Competing Interests

I have read the journal's policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: HH has received research support from Pfizer (Ireland) in recent years. He has also received lecture and other fees from Novartis, Astellas and AstraZeneca. The other authors have declared that no conflict of interest exists. This does not alter our adherence to all PLOS policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: RMM AFB AGM SJL JAG ECL TRR WJvW DFH HH JPF. Performed the experiments: AFB AGM SJL JML KMO KAL MMA DPO MT. Analyzed the data: AFB AGM SJL MMA RMM. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: WJvW CHH TJF JAG ECL TRR. Wrote the paper: AFB AGM SJL MMA DPO JAG TRR RMM. Assisted in facilitating patient recruitment: DFH JPF HH. Critical revision of manuscript: DFH HH WJvW TJF JAG ECL TRR RMM.