About the Authors

Xiaoping Xiao

Affiliations Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China

Rudian Zhang

Affiliations Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China, School of Life Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Xiaojing Pang

Affiliation Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Guodong Liang

Affiliations Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Penghua Wang

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, United States of America

Gong Cheng

gongcheng@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn

Affiliations Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: GC XX. Performed the experiments: XX RZ XP. Analyzed the data: XX. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: GL PW. Wrote the paper: GC.