About the Authors

Matthew Darby

‡ These authors contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa

Corinna Schnoeller

‡ These authors contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Department of Life Sciences, Sir Ernst Chain Building, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Alykhan Vira

‡ These authors contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa

Fiona Culley

Affiliation National Heart and Lung Institute, St.Mary’s Campus, Praed Street, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Saeeda Bobat

Affiliation Medical Research Council Centre for Immune Regulation, School of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Erin Logan

Affiliation Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa

Frank Kirstein

Affiliation Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa

Jürgen Wess

Affiliation Molecular Signaling Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Adam F. Cunningham

Affiliation Medical Research Council Centre for Immune Regulation, School of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Frank Brombacher

Affiliation Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa

Murray E. Selkirk

wghorsnell@gmail.com (WGCH); m.selkirk@imperial.ac.uk (MES)

Affiliation Department of Life Sciences, Sir Ernst Chain Building, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

William G. C. Horsnell

wghorsnell@gmail.com (WGCH); m.selkirk@imperial.ac.uk (MES)

Affiliation Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: WGCH MES FB AV CS. Performed the experiments: AV WGCH MD FC SB FK CS EL. Analyzed the data: AV WGCH MD FC SB FK CS EL. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: AFC JW. Wrote the paper: WGCH MES CS AV FB AFC FC.