About the Authors

Ling Yue

‡ LY, KJP and JB contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Emory Vaccine Center at Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Katja J. Pfafferott

‡ LY, KJP and JB contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

Joshua Baalwa

‡ LY, KJP and JB contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Department of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America

Karen Conrod

Affiliation Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

Catherine C. Dong

Affiliation Emory Vaccine Center at Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Cecilia Chui

Affiliation Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

Rong Rong

Affiliation Emory Vaccine Center at Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Daniel T. Claiborne

Affiliation Emory Vaccine Center at Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Jessica L. Prince

Affiliation Emory Vaccine Center at Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Jianming Tang

Affiliation Department of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America

Ruy M. Ribeiro

Affiliation Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America

Emmanuel Cormier

Affiliation Human Immunology Laboratory, International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, London, United Kingdom

Beatrice H. Hahn

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Alan S. Perelson

Affiliation Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America

George M. Shaw

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Etienne Karita

Affiliation Rwanda-Zambia HIV Research Project, Project San Francisco, Kigali, Rwanda

Jill Gilmour

Affiliation Human Immunology Laboratory, International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, London, United Kingdom

Paul Goepfert

Affiliation Department of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America

Cynthia A. Derdeyn

Affiliations Emory Vaccine Center at Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Susan A. Allen

Affiliation Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Persephone Borrow

persephone.borrow@ndm.ox.ac.uk (PB); ehunte4@emory.edu (EH)

PB and EH also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

Eric Hunter

persephone.borrow@ndm.ox.ac.uk (PB); ehunte4@emory.edu (EH)

PB and EH also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliations Emory Vaccine Center at Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: LY KJP JB PG GMS PB EH. Performed the experiments: LY KJP JB CC KC CCD RR DTC JLP JT EK SAA. Analyzed the data: LY KJP JB RMR ASP BHH GMS PB EH. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: RMR ASP EC JG EK SAA. Wrote the paper: LY KJP JB GMS CAD PB EH.