About the Authors

Alexandra Schuetz

schuetza@afrims.org

Affiliations Department of Retrovirology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences – United States Component, Bangkok, Thailand, Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Claire Deleage

Affiliation AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory of Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America

Irini Sereti

Affiliation Clinical and Molecular Retrovirology Section/Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Rungsun Rerknimitr

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand

Nittaya Phanuphak

Affiliations SEARCH, Bangkok, Thailand, The Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand

Yuwadee Phuang-Ngern

Affiliation Department of Retrovirology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences – United States Component, Bangkok, Thailand

Jacob D. Estes

Affiliation AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory of Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America

Netanya G. Sandler

Current address: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Texas at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, United States of America

Affiliation Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Suchada Sukhumvittaya

Affiliation Department of Retrovirology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences – United States Component, Bangkok, Thailand

Mary Marovich

Current address: Division of AIDS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Affiliation U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America

Surat Jongrakthaitae

Affiliation Department of Retrovirology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences – United States Component, Bangkok, Thailand

Siriwat Akapirat

Affiliation Department of Retrovirology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences – United States Component, Bangkok, Thailand

James L. K. Fletscher

Affiliation SEARCH, Bangkok, Thailand

Eugene Kroon

Affiliations Department of Retrovirology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences – United States Component, Bangkok, Thailand, SEARCH, Bangkok, Thailand

Robin Dewar

Affiliation Virus Isolation and Serology Laboratory Applied and Developmental Research Directorate Science Applications International Corporation, Frederick, Inc. National Cancer Institute, Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America

Rapee Trichavaroj

Affiliation Department of Retrovirology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences – United States Component, Bangkok, Thailand

Nitiya Chomchey

Affiliations SEARCH, Bangkok, Thailand, The Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand

Daniel C. Douek

Affiliation Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Robert J. O′Connell

Affiliation Department of Retrovirology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences – United States Component, Bangkok, Thailand

Viseth Ngauy

Current address: Tripler Army Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America

Affiliation Department of Retrovirology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences – United States Component, Bangkok, Thailand

Merlin L. Robb

Affiliations Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America, U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America

Praphan Phanuphak

Affiliations Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, SEARCH, Bangkok, Thailand, The Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand

Nelson L. Michael

Affiliation U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America

Jean-Louis Excler

Affiliations Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America, U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America

Jerome H. Kim

Affiliations SEARCH, Bangkok, Thailand, U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America

Mark S. de Souza

Current address: AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan/Cooper Human Systems, Nashua, New Hampshire, United States of America

Affiliations Department of Retrovirology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences – United States Component, Bangkok, Thailand, SEARCH, Bangkok, Thailand

Jintanat Ananworanich

Affiliations Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America, SEARCH, Bangkok, Thailand, The Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand, U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America

on behalf of the RV254/SEARCH 010 and RV304/SEARCH 013 Study Groups

Membership of the RV254/SEARCH 010 and RV304/SEARCH 013 Study Groups is provided in the Acknowledgments.

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: AS MSdS JA JDE JHK IS NGS MM DCD. Performed the experiments: AS CD RR YPN NGS SS SJ SA RD RT. Analyzed the data: AS MSdS CD IS JDE NGS SS DCD JHK JA. Wrote the paper: AS MSdS JLE JHK JA RJO VN NLM. Protocol development and execution: NP JLKF EK NC RJO VN MLR PP NLM JA.