About the Authors

Eva Garcia-Gonzalez

Affiliations Institute for Bee Research, Department for Molecular Microbiology and Bee Diseases, Hohen Neuendorf, Germany, Humboldt Universität Berlin, Institut für Biologie, Berlin, Germany

Lena Poppinga

Affiliation Institute for Bee Research, Department for Molecular Microbiology and Bee Diseases, Hohen Neuendorf, Germany

Anne Fünfhaus

Affiliation Institute for Bee Research, Department for Molecular Microbiology and Bee Diseases, Hohen Neuendorf, Germany

Gillian Hertlein

Affiliation Institute for Bee Research, Department for Molecular Microbiology and Bee Diseases, Hohen Neuendorf, Germany

Kati Hedtke

Affiliation Institute for Bee Research, Department for Molecular Microbiology and Bee Diseases, Hohen Neuendorf, Germany

Agata Jakubowska

Affiliation Department of Genetics, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain

Elke Genersch

elke.genersch@rz.hu-berlin.de

Affiliations Institute for Bee Research, Department for Molecular Microbiology and Bee Diseases, Hohen Neuendorf, Germany, Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Microbiology and Epizootics, Berlin, Germany

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: EGG LP AF GH KH AJ EG. Performed the experiments: EGG LP AF GH KH AJ. Analyzed the data: EGG LP AF GH AJ. Wrote the paper: EGG EG.