About the Authors

Qin Yan

Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases & International Health, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Batu K. Sharma-Kuinkel

Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases & International Health, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Hitesh Deshmukh

Affiliation Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Ephraim L. Tsalik

Affiliations Division of Infectious Diseases & International Health, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America, Emergency Medicine Service, Durham Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America, Duke Institute for Genome Sciences & Policy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Derek D. Cyr

Affiliation Duke Institute for Genome Sciences & Policy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Joseph Lucas

Affiliation Quintiles Innovations, Morrisville, North Carolina, United States of America

Christopher W. Woods

Affiliations Division of Infectious Diseases & International Health, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America, Duke Institute for Genome Sciences & Policy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America, Section on Infectious Diseases, Durham Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

William K. Scott

Affiliations Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America, Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America

Gregory D. Sempowski

Affiliation Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Joshua Thaden

Affiliations Division of Infectious Diseases & International Health, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America, Duke Institute for Genome Sciences & Policy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Thomas H. Rude

Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases & International Health, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Sun Hee Ahn

sun3193@jnu.ac.kr (SHA); vance.fowler@duke.edu (VGF)

Affiliation Department of Biochemistry School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Bukgu, Gwangju, Korea

Vance G. Fowler Jr

sun3193@jnu.ac.kr (SHA); vance.fowler@duke.edu (VGF)

Affiliations Division of Infectious Diseases & International Health, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America, Duke Institute for Genome Sciences & Policy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Competing Interests

VGF served as Chair of V710 Scientific Advisory Committee (Merck), has received grant support from Cerexa, Pfizer, Advanced Liquid Logic, MedImmune, has been a paid consultant for Merck, Astellas, Affinium, Bayer, Theravance, Cubist, Cerexa, Durata, Pfizer, NovaDigm, Novartis, Medicines Company, Biosynexus, MedImmune, and Inimex, and has received honoraria from Merck, Astellas, Cubist, Pfizer, Theravance, and Novartis. JL is employed by Quintiles Innovations. This does not alter our adherence to all PLOS policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: QY VGF SHA. Performed the experiments: QY SHA THR HD. Analyzed the data: QY VGF DDC. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: QY BKSK ELT DDC JL CWW WKS GDS JT THR. Wrote the paper: QY VGF.