About the Authors

Hsin-Chieh Ma

Affiliation Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America

Ying Liu

Affiliation Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America

Chunling Wang

Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America

Michael Strauss

Affiliation Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Nina Rehage

Affiliation Helmholtz Centrum München, Munich, Germany

Ying-Han Chen

Current address: Laboratory of Host-Pathogen Dynamics, Cell Biology and Physiology Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America.

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey, United States of America

Nihal Altan-Bonnet

Current address: Laboratory of Host-Pathogen Dynamics, Cell Biology and Physiology Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America.

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey, United States of America

James Hogle

Affiliation Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Eckard Wimmer

Affiliation Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America

Steffen Mueller

Affiliation Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America

Aniko V. Paul

Affiliation Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America

Ping Jiang

ping.jiang@stonybrook.edu

Affiliation Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: PJ HCM AVP SM YL YHC NAB EW. Performed the experiments: HCM PJ YL NR SM CW. Analyzed the data: PJ HCM AVP YL CW SM EW. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MS JH. Wrote the paper: AVP PJ EW.