About the Authors

Jia Liu

Affiliation Institute for Virology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

Ejuan Zhang

Affiliation Institute for Virology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

Zhiyong Ma

Affiliation Institute for Virology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

Weimin Wu

Affiliation Institute for Virology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

Anna Kosinska

Affiliation Institute for Virology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

Xiaoyong Zhang

Affiliations Institute for Virology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany, Hepatology Unit and Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

Inga Möller

Affiliation Institute for Virology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

Pia Seiz

Affiliation Institute for Medical Virology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany

Dieter Glebe

Affiliation Institute for Medical Virology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany

Baoju Wang

Affiliation Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

Dongliang Yang

Affiliation Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

Mengji Lu

Affiliation Institute for Virology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

Michael Roggendorf

michael.roggendorf@uni-due.de

Affiliation Institute for Virology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JL ML MR. Performed the experiments: JL EZ ZM WW AK XZ IM PS DG. Analyzed the data: JL EZ ML MR. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: DG BW DY ML MR. Wrote the paper: JL MR. Obtained permission for use of animals: JL ML MR.