About the Authors

James W. Bruce

Affiliations Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America, Institute for Molecular Virology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America, McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Rachel Reddington

Affiliations Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America, Institute for Molecular Virology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Elizabeth Mathieu

Affiliations Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America, Institute for Molecular Virology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Megan Bracken

Affiliations Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America, Institute for Molecular Virology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

John A. T. Young

Affiliation Nomis Foundation Laboratories for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, United States of America

Paul Ahlquist

ahlquist@wisc.edu

Affiliations Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America, Institute for Molecular Virology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America, McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JWB JATY PA. Performed the experiments: JWB RR MB EM. Analyzed the data: JWB JATY PA. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JWB JATY PA. Wrote the paper: JWB JATY PA.