About the Authors

Justin Bahl

Contributed equally to this work with: Justin Bahl, Scott Krauss

Affiliations Laboratory of Virus Evolution, Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Center for Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas, United States of America

Scott Krauss

Contributed equally to this work with: Justin Bahl, Scott Krauss

Affiliation Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America

Denise Kühnert

Affiliations Department of Computer Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand, Allan Wilson Centre for Molecular Ecology and Evolution, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand

Mathieu Fourment

Affiliation Laboratory of Virus Evolution, Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore

Garnet Raven

Affiliation Environment Canada, Canadian Wildlife Service, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

S. Paul Pryor

Affiliation Environment Canada, Canadian Wildlife Service, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Lawrence J. Niles

Affiliation Conserve Wildlife Foundation of New Jersey, Bordentown, New Jersey, United States of America

Angela Danner

Affiliation Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America

David Walker

Affiliation Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America

Ian H. Mendenhall

Affiliation Laboratory of Virus Evolution, Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore

Yvonne C. F. Su

Affiliation Laboratory of Virus Evolution, Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore

Vivien G. Dugan

Affiliations J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America, Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases/National Institutes of Health/Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Rebecca A. Halpin

Affiliation J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America

Timothy B. Stockwell

Affiliation J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America

Richard J. Webby

Affiliation Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America

David E. Wentworth

Affiliation J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America

Alexei J. Drummond

Affiliations Department of Computer Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand, Allan Wilson Centre for Molecular Ecology and Evolution, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand

Gavin J. D. Smith

gavin.smith@duke-nus.edu.sg (GJDS); robert.webster@stjude.org (RGW)

Affiliations Laboratory of Virus Evolution, Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Robert G. Webster

gavin.smith@duke-nus.edu.sg (GJDS); robert.webster@stjude.org (RGW)

Affiliation Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JB SK GJDS RGW. Performed the experiments: JB SK AD DEW DK MF. Analyzed the data: JB AJD DK SK GJDS RGW MF IHM RJW. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: GR SPP LJN YCFS VGD RAH TBS DEW AJD DW. Wrote the paper: JB SK MF IHM AJD DEW GJDS RGW. Programing for joint estimation of migration rates in BEAST: AJD DK. Programming for statistical comparison of tree congruence for assessing reassortment: MF.