About the Authors

Daniel Sauter

Affiliation Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany

Daniel Unterweger

Affiliation Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany

Michael Vogl

Affiliation Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany

Shariq M. Usmani

Affiliation Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany

Anke Heigele

Affiliation Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany

Silvia F. Kluge

Affiliation Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany

Elisabeth Hermkes

Affiliation Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany

Markus Moll

Affiliation Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden

Edward Barker

Affiliation Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Martine Peeters

Affiliation Laboratoire Retrovirus UMR145, IRD and Université Montpellier, BP64501, Montpellier, France

Gerald H. Learn

Affiliation Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Frederic Bibollet-Ruche

Affiliation Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Joëlle V. Fritz

Affiliation Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany

Oliver T. Fackler

Affiliation Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany

Beatrice H. Hahn

Affiliations Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Frank Kirchhoff

frank.kirchhoff@uni-ulm.de

Affiliation Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: DS SMU JVF OTF FK. Performed the experiments: DS DU MV SMU AH SFK EH FBR GHL JVF. Analyzed the data: DS DU MV SMU AH SFK EH FBR GHL JVF FK. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MM EB MP. Wrote the paper: BHH FK.