About the Authors

Ming He

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America

Zhiming Ouyang

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, Unites States of America

Bryan Troxell

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America

Haijun Xu

Affiliations Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America, Institute of Insect Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China

Akira Moh

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America

Joseph Piesman

Affiliation Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America

Michael V. Norgard

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, Unites States of America

Mark Gomelsky

Affiliation Department of Molecular Biology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, United States of America

X. Frank Yang

xfyang@iupui.edu

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: XFY. Performed the experiments: MH ZO BT HX. Analyzed the data: AM MVN MG. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JP MG. Wrote the paper: XFY MH BT.