About the Authors

Hanako Shimura

Affiliation Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan

Vitantonio Pantaleo

Affiliation Istituto di Virologia Vegetale, CNR, Torino, Italy

Takeaki Ishihara

Affiliation Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan

Nobutoshi Myojo

Affiliation Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan

Jun-ichi Inaba

Affiliation Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan

Kae Sueda

Affiliation Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan

József Burgyán

Affiliation Istituto di Virologia Vegetale, CNR, Torino, Italy

Chikara Masuta

masuta@res.agr.hokudai.ac.jp

Affiliation Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: HS VP TI JB CM. Performed the experiments: HS VP TI NM JI KS CM. Analyzed the data: HS VP JB CM. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JB CM. Wrote the paper: HS VP JB CM.