About the Authors

Martin A. Bewley

Affiliation Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom

Helen M. Marriott

Affiliation Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom

Calogero Tulone

Affiliation Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom

Sheila E. Francis

Affiliation Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom

Timothy J. Mitchell

Affiliation Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom

Robert C. Read

Affiliation Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom

Benny Chain

Affiliation Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom

Guido Kroemer

Affiliations INSERM U848, Metabolomics Platform, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France, Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France, Université Paris René Descartes, Paris, France

Moira K. B. Whyte

Affiliation Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom

David H. Dockrell

d.h.dockrell@sheffield.ac.uk

Affiliation Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: DHD. Performed the experiments: MAB HMM. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: CT SEF TJM RCR BC. Wrote the paper: MAB GK MKBW DHD.