About the Authors

Tadayoshi Ikebe

tdikebe@nih.go.jp

Affiliation Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan

Manabu Ato

Affiliation Department of Immunology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan

Takayuki Matsumura

Affiliation Department of Immunology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan

Hideki Hasegawa

Affiliation Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan

Tetsutaro Sata

Affiliation Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan

Kazuo Kobayashi

Affiliation Department of Immunology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan

Haruo Watanabe

Affiliation Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: TI MA TM KK HW. Performed the experiments: TI MA TM HH. Analyzed the data: TI MA TM HH TS KK HW. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: TI MA TM HH. Wrote the paper: TI MA TM HH KK HW.