About the Authors
- Poornima Parameswaran
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Affiliation Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Ella Sklan
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Current address: Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel
Affiliation Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Courtney Wilkins
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Current address: Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
Affiliation Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
- Trever Burgon
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Current address: Sg2, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
Affiliation Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Melanie A. Samuel
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Current address: Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
Affiliation Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Rui Lu
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Current address: Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
Affiliation Department of Plant Pathology & Microbiology, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America
- K. Mark Ansel
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Affiliation Strategic Asthma Basic Research Center and the Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Vigo Heissmeyer
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Affiliation Institute of Molecular Immunology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
- Shirit Einav
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Affiliation Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- William Jackson
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Current address: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Center for Biopreparedness and Infectious Diseases, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
Affiliation Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Tammy Doukas
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Affiliation Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Suman Paranjape
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Current address: Science and Technology Policy Fellowship Program, American Association for the Advancement of Sciences, Washington, D.C., United States of America
Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Charlotta Polacek
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Current address: National Veterinary Institute, Lindholm, Denmark
Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Flavia Barreto dos Santos
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Current address: Laboratório de Flavivirus, Pav. Helio e Peggy Pereira, sala B 102, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Roxana Jalili
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Affiliation Stanford Genome Technology Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Farbod Babrzadeh
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Affiliation Stanford Genome Technology Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Baback Gharizadeh
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Affiliation Stanford Genome Technology Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Dirk Grimm
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Current address: Dept. of Virology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Affiliation Departments of Pediatrics & Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Mark Kay
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Affiliation Departments of Pediatrics & Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Satoshi Koike
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Affiliation Tokyo Metropolitan Organization for Medical Research, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
- Peter Sarnow
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Affiliation Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Mostafa Ronaghi
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Current address: Illumina, San Diego, California, United States of America
Affiliation Stanford Genome Technology Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Shou-Wei Ding
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Affiliation Department of Plant Pathology & Microbiology, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America
- Eva Harris
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Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Marie Chow
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Affiliation Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
- Michael S. Diamond
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Affiliation Departments of Medicine, Molecular Microbiology, Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Karla Kirkegaard
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Affiliation Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Jeffrey S. Glenn
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Affiliation Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Andrew Z. Fire
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* E-mail: afire@stanford.edu
Affiliation Departments of Pathology & Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
Competing Interests
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Author Contributions
Conceived and designed the experiments: PP AZF. Performed the experiments: PP. Analyzed the data: PP AZF. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: PP ES CW TB MAS RL KMA VH SE WJ TD SP CP FBdS RJ FB BG DG MK SK PS MR SWD EH MC MSD KK JSG AZF. Wrote the paper: PP AZF.