About the Authors

Molly A. Bergman

Affiliation Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Wendy P. Loomis

Current address: Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Joan Mecsas

Affiliation Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Michael N. Starnbach

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Ralph R. Isberg

ralph.isberg@tufts.edu

Affiliations Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: MAB RRI. Performed the experiments: MAB. Analyzed the data: MAB WPL JM MNS RRI. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: WPL JM MNS RRI. Wrote the paper: MAB RRI.