About the Authors
- Shufang Fan
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Affiliation Animal Influenza Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- Yuwei Gao
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Affiliation Animal Influenza Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- Kyoko Shinya
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Affiliation The International Center for Medical Research and Treatment, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
- Chris Kafai Li
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Affiliation MRC Human Immunology Unit, The Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
- Yanbing Li
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Affiliation Animal Influenza Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- Jianzhong Shi
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Affiliation Animal Influenza Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- Yongping Jiang
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Affiliation Animal Influenza Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- Yongbing Suo
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Affiliation Animal Influenza Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- Tiegang Tong
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Affiliation Animal Influenza Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- Gongxun Zhong
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Affiliation Animal Influenza Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- Jiasheng Song
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Affiliation Animal Influenza Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- Ying Zhang
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Affiliation Animal Influenza Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- Guobin Tian
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Affiliation Animal Influenza Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- Yuntao Guan
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Affiliation Animal Influenza Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- Xiao-Ning Xu
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Affiliation MRC Human Immunology Unit, The Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
- Zhigao Bu
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Affiliation Animal Influenza Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- Yoshihiro Kawaoka
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* E-mail: kawaokay@svm.vetmed.wisc.edu (YK); hlchen1@yahoo.com (HC)
Affiliations The International Center for Medical Research and Treatment, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan, Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Hualan Chen
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* E-mail: kawaokay@svm.vetmed.wisc.edu (YK); hlchen1@yahoo.com (HC)
Affiliation Animal Influenza Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People's Republic of China
Competing Interests
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Author Contributions
Conceived and designed the experiments: X. Xu, Z. Bu, Y. Kawaoka, H. Chen. Performed the experiments: S. Fan, Y. Gao, K. Shinya, C. Li, Y. Li, J. Shi, Y. Jiang, Y. Suo, T. Tong, G. Zhong, J. Song, Y. Zhang, G. Tian, Y. Gao. Analyzed the data: S. Fan, Y. Gao, K. Shinya, C. Li, X. Xu, Z. Bu, H. Chen. Wrote the paper: Y. Kawaoka, H. Chen.