About the Authors
- Keith E Garrison
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Contributed equally to this work with: Keith E Garrison, R. Brad Jones
*To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: keith.garrison@ucsf.edu (KEG), brad.jones@utoronto.ca (RBJ)
Affiliation Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- R. Brad Jones
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Contributed equally to this work with: Keith E Garrison, R. Brad Jones
*To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: keith.garrison@ucsf.edu (KEG), brad.jones@utoronto.ca (RBJ)
Affiliation Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Duncan A Meiklejohn
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Affiliation Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Naveed Anwar
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Affiliation Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Lishomwa C Ndhlovu
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Affiliation Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Joan M Chapman
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Affiliation Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Ann L Erickson
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Affiliation Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Ashish Agrawal
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Affiliation Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Gerald Spotts
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Affiliation Positive Health Program, Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Frederick M Hecht
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Affiliation Positive Health Program, Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Seth Rakoff-Nahoum
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Affiliation Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Jack Lenz
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Affiliation Department of Molecular Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
- Mario A Ostrowski
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Affiliations Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada , St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Douglas F Nixon
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Affiliation Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
Competing Interests
KEG, RBJ, DAM, AA, FMH, SRN, JL, MAO, and DFN are named as inventors on a patent application, based on this work, which was filed by their respective institutions.
Author Contributions
KEG, RBJ, MAO, and DFN composed the manuscript and planned the experimentation for this work. RBJ designed, validated, and performed the quantitative PCR experiments with the assistance of NA. KEG, NA, DAM, and RBJ, JMC, and DFN performed the ELISPOT analysis of T cell responses. ALE performed the 51Cr-release assays. AA performed the initial database searches to identify peptide sequences, with KEG, AA, FMH, and DFN developing the selection process for the peptides. KEG and LCN performed the multicolor flow cytometry experiments. FMH directs the OPTIONS cohort, with GS as data manager, which provided samples for the study. SRN and JL were important early contributors to the initial selection of HERV insertions on which to focus further experimentation. MAO and DFN are equal last authors.