Terminal Reassortment Drives the Quantum Evolution of Type III Effectors in Bacterial Pathogens

John Stavrinides; Wenbo Ma; David S Guttman

doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.0020104

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Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

Terminal Reassortment Drives the Quantum Evolution of Type III Effectors in Bacterial Pathogens

John Stavrinides ,

Contributed equally to this work with: John Stavrinides, Wenbo Ma

*To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: johnstav@botany.utoronto.ca

Affiliation Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
⨯
Wenbo Ma ,

Contributed equally to this work with: John Stavrinides, Wenbo Ma

Affiliation Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
⨯
David S Guttman

Affiliations Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada , Center for the Analysis of Genome Evolution and Function, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
⨯

Terminal Reassortment Drives the Quantum Evolution of Type III Effectors in Bacterial Pathogens

John Stavrinides,
Wenbo Ma,
David S Guttman

Published: October 13, 2006
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.0020104

About the Authors

John Stavrinides

Contributed equally to this work with: John Stavrinides, Wenbo Ma

*To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: johnstav@botany.utoronto.ca

Affiliation Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Wenbo Ma

Contributed equally to this work with: John Stavrinides, Wenbo Ma

Affiliation Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

David S Guttman

Affiliations Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada , Center for the Analysis of Genome Evolution and Function, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

JS conceived and designed the experiments. JS and WM performed the experiments. JS analyzed the data. JS, WM, and DSG wrote the paper.

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Pseudomonas syringae
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Salmonella enterica
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Genomics
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Evolutionary genetics
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Xanthomonas campestris
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Bacterial pathogens
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Secretion systems
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Bacterial evolution
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