About the Authors
- Hideki Ebihara
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Affiliations Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan , CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan , Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Ayato Takada
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Affiliations CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan , Hokkaido University Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Sapporo, Japan
- Darwyn Kobasa
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Affiliation Respiratory Viruses, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Steven Jones
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Affiliations Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada , Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Gabriele Neumann
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Affiliation Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Steven Theriault
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Affiliations Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada , Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Mike Bray
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Affiliation Biodefense Clinical Research, Office of Clinical Research, Office of the Director, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Heinz Feldmann
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Affiliations Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada , Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Yoshihiro Kawaoka
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*To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: kawaokay@svm.vetmed.wisc.edu
Affiliations Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan , CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan , Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America , International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
Competing Interests
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Author Contributions
HE and YK conceived and designed the experiments. HE, AT, DK, SJ, ST, and HF performed the experiments in BSL-4 containment. HE and GN performed the cloning experiments. HE, AT, HF, and YK analyzed the data. MB contributed materials and information. HE, AT, GN, HF, and YK wrote the manuscript.