About the Authors

Christopher Dardick

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: cdardick@afrs.ars.usda.gov (CD); pcronald@ucdavis.edu (PR)

Affiliation United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Appalachian Fruit Research Station, Kearneysville, West Virginia, United States of America

Pamela Ronald

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: cdardick@afrs.ars.usda.gov (CD); pcronald@ucdavis.edu (PR)

Affiliation Department of Plant Pathology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

CD and PR conceived, designed, and performed the experiments. CD and PR analyzed the data. CD contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools. CD and PR wrote the paper.