About the Authors

Michael A Meehl

Affiliation Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Jerome S Pinkner

Affiliation Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Patricia J Anderson

Affiliations Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Scott J Hultgren

Affiliation Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Michael G Caparon

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: caparon@borcim.wustl.edu

Affiliation Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

MAM, JSP, PJA, and MGC conceived and designed the experiments. MAM and JSP performed the experiments. MAM, JSP, PJA, and MGC analyzed the data. PJA, SJH, and MGC contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools. MAM, PJA, and MGC wrote the paper.