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Table of Contents

January 2018

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What's coming for health science and policy in 2018? Global experts look ahead in their field

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PLOS Medicine's longstanding efforts to bring research and commentary on urgent, grievous, and under-addressed health needs to an Open Access platform never felt more relevant than in 2017. At the same time, due to expansion of data sharing requirements across a wider swath of medical journals, we ended the year confident that globally important findings in health research, and the ability to further analyze these, are increasingly accessible to all.

With Open Science thriving, and valuable data on high-burden diseases accumulating, PLOS Medicine recently asked several prominent global health researchers: What unaddressed needs, and unanswered questions, must research and policy prioritize at this time? Seven experts from five continents shared their hopes, pleas and concerns for 2018. Our first Editorial of the year is a collection of these insights. Please visit for Soumya Swaminathan's expectations for translational research in tuberculosis, Graham Hillis' interpretation of changing paradigms in atherosclerosis, Zulfiqar Bhutta's view on opportunities for expanding the reach of recent gains in maternal and child health, and other expert perspectives.

Image Credit: Phil Dolby, Flickr

Editorial

What’s coming for health science and policy in 2018? Global experts look ahead in their field

The PLOS Medicine Editors, Soumya Swaminathan, Robin S. Room, Louise C. Ivers, Graham Hillis, Rebecca F. Grais, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, Peter Byass

PLOS Medicine: published January 30, 2018 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002498

Perspectives

What about drinking is associated with shorter life in poorer people?

Jürgen Rehm, Charlotte Probst

PLOS Medicine: published January 2, 2018 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002477

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  1. Life course socioeconomic position, alcohol drinking patterns in midlife, and cardiovascular mortality: Analysis of Norwegian population-based health surveys

Sexually transmitted infections in the era of antiretroviral-based HIV prevention: Priorities for discovery research, implementation science, and community involvement

Jeanne M. Marrazzo, Julia C. Dombrowski, Kenneth H. Mayer

PLOS Medicine: published January 10, 2018 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002485

From macro- to microfactors in health: Social science approaches in research on sexually transmitted infections

Ruth Kutalek, Elena Jirovsky, Igor Grabovac

PLOS Medicine: published January 10, 2018 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002490

Guidelines and Guidance

The WHO 2016 verbal autopsy instrument: An international standard suitable for automated analysis by InterVA, InSilicoVA, and Tariff 2.0

Erin K. Nichols, Peter Byass, Daniel Chandramohan, Samuel J. Clark, Abraham D. Flaxman, Robert Jakob, Jordana Leitao, Nicolas Maire, Chalapati Rao, Ian Riley, Philip W. Setel, on behalf of the WHO Verbal Autopsy Working Group

PLOS Medicine: published January 10, 2018 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002486

Research Articles

Life course socioeconomic position, alcohol drinking patterns in midlife, and cardiovascular mortality: Analysis of Norwegian population-based health surveys

Eirik Degerud, Inger Ariansen, Eivind Ystrom, Sidsel Graff-Iversen, Gudrun Høiseth, Jørg Mørland, George Davey Smith, Øyvind Næss

PLOS Medicine: published January 2, 2018 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002476

Related Articles

  1. What about drinking is associated with shorter life in poorer people?

Pelvic inflammatory disease risk following negative results from chlamydia nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) versus non-NAATs in Denmark: A retrospective cohort

Bethan Davies, Katy M. E. Turner, Thomas Benfield, Maria Frølund, Berit Andersen, Henrik Westh, on behalf of the Danish Chlamydia Study, Helen Ward

PLOS Medicine: published January 2, 2018 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002483

Association between intake of less-healthy foods defined by the United Kingdom's nutrient profile model and cardiovascular disease: A population-based cohort study

Oliver T. Mytton, Nita G. Forouhi, Peter Scarborough, Marleen Lentjes, Robert Luben, Mike Rayner, Kay Tee Khaw, Nicholas J. Wareham, Pablo Monsivais

PLOS Medicine: published January 4, 2018 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002484

Immune-related genetic enrichment in frontotemporal dementia: An analysis of genome-wide association studies

Iris Broce, Celeste M. Karch, Natalie Wen, Chun C. Fan, Yunpeng Wang, Chin Hong Tan, Naomi Kouri, Owen A. Ross, Günter U. Höglinger, Ulrich Muller, John Hardy, International FTD-Genomics Consortium, Parastoo Momeni, Christopher P. Hess, William P. Dillon, Zachary A. Miller, Luke W. Bonham, Gil D. Rabinovici, Howard J. Rosen, Gerard D. Schellenberg, Andre Franke, Tom H. Karlsen, Jan H. Veldink, Raffaele Ferrari, Jennifer S. Yokoyama, Bruce L. Miller, Ole A. Andreassen, Anders M. Dale, Rahul S. Desikan, Leo P. Sugrue

PLOS Medicine: published January 9, 2018 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002487

Related Articles

  1. Correction: Immune-related genetic enrichment in frontotemporal dementia: An analysis of genome-wide association studies

Estimated mortality on HIV treatment among active patients and patients lost to follow-up in 4 provinces of Zambia: Findings from a multistage sampling-based survey

Charles B. Holmes, Izukanji Sikazwe, Kombatende Sikombe, Ingrid Eshun-Wilson, Nancy Czaicki, Laura K. Beres, Njekwa Mukamba, Sandra Simbeza, Carolyn Bolton Moore, Cardinal Hantuba, Peter Mwaba, Caroline Phiri, Nancy Padian, David V. Glidden, Elvin Geng

PLOS Medicine: published January 12, 2018 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002489

Increased risk of ischemic heart disease, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes in women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus, a target group in general practice for preventive interventions: A population-based cohort study

Barbara Daly, Konstantinos A. Toulis, Neil Thomas, Krishna Gokhale, James Martin, Jonathan Webber, Deepi Keerthy, Kate Jolly, Ponnusamy Saravanan, Krishnarajah Nirantharakumar

PLOS Medicine: published January 16, 2018 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002488

Related Articles

  1. Correction: Increased risk of ischemic heart disease, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes in women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus, a target group in general practice for preventive interventions: A population-based cohort study

Progression of the first stage of spontaneous labour: A prospective cohort study in two sub-Saharan African countries

Olufemi T. Oladapo, Joao Paulo Souza, Bukola Fawole, Kidza Mugerwa, Gleici Perdoná, Domingos Alves, Hayala Souza, Rodrigo Reis, Livia Oliveira-Ciabati, Alexandre Maiorano, Adesina Akintan, Francis E. Alu, Lawal Oyeneyin, Amos Adebayo, Josaphat Byamugisha, Miriam Nakalembe, Hadiza A. Idris, Ola Okike, Fernando Althabe, Vanora Hundley, France Donnay, Robert Pattinson, Harshadkumar C. Sanghvi, Jen E. Jardine, Özge Tunçalp, Joshua P. Vogel, Mary Ellen Stanton, Meghan Bohren, Jun Zhang, Tina Lavender, Jerker Liljestrand, Petra ten Hoope-Bender, Matthews Mathai, Rajiv Bahl, A. Metin Gülmezoglu

PLOS Medicine: published January 16, 2018 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002492

Long-term risks and benefits associated with cesarean delivery for mother, baby, and subsequent pregnancies: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Oonagh E. Keag, Jane E. Norman, Sarah J. Stock

PLOS Medicine: published January 23, 2018 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002494

Safety and pharmacokinetics of the Fc-modified HIV-1 human monoclonal antibody VRC01LS: A Phase 1 open-label clinical trial in healthy adults

Martin R. Gaudinski, Emily E. Coates, Katherine V. Houser, Grace L. Chen, Galina Yamshchikov, Jamie G. Saunders, LaSonji A. Holman, Ingelise Gordon, Sarah Plummer, Cynthia S. Hendel, Michelle Conan-Cibotti, Margarita Gomez Lorenzo, Sandra Sitar, Kevin Carlton, Carolyn Laurencot, Robert T. Bailer, Sandeep Narpala, Adrian B. McDermott, Aryan M. Namboodiri, Janardan P. Pandey, Richard M. Schwartz, Zonghui Hu, Richard A. Koup, Edmund Capparelli, Barney S. Graham, John R. Mascola, Julie E. Ledgerwood, the VRC 606 Study Team

PLOS Medicine: published January 24, 2018 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002493

The cost-effectiveness of alternative vaccination strategies for polyvalent meningococcal vaccines in Burkina Faso: A transmission dynamic modeling study

Reza Yaesoubi, Caroline Trotter, Caroline Colijn, Maziar Yaesoubi, Anaïs Colombini, Stephen Resch, Paul A. Kristiansen, F. Marc LaForce, Ted Cohen

PLOS Medicine: published January 24, 2018 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002495

Brain and blood metabolite signatures of pathology and progression in Alzheimer disease: A targeted metabolomics study

Vijay R. Varma, Anup M. Oommen, Sudhir Varma, Ramon Casanova, Yang An, Ryan M. Andrews, Richard O’Brien, Olga Pletnikova, Juan C. Troncoso, Jon Toledo, Rebecca Baillie, Matthias Arnold, Gabi Kastenmueller, Kwangsik Nho, P. Murali Doraiswamy, Andrew J. Saykin, Rima Kaddurah-Daouk, Cristina Legido-Quigley, Madhav Thambisetty

PLOS Medicine: published January 25, 2018 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002482

PD-L1 checkpoint inhibition and anti-CTLA-4 whole tumor cell vaccination counter adaptive immune resistance: A mouse neuroblastoma model that mimics human disease

Priya Srinivasan, Xiaofang Wu, Mousumi Basu, Christopher Rossi, Anthony D. Sandler

PLOS Medicine: published January 29, 2018 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002497

Long-term trends in mortality and AIDS-defining events after combination ART initiation among children and adolescents with perinatal HIV infection in 17 middle- and high-income countries in Europe and Thailand: A cohort study

The European Pregnancy and Paediatric HIV Cohort Collaboration (EPPICC) study group in EuroCoord, Ali Judd, Elizabeth Chappell, Anna Turkova, Sophie Le Coeur, Antoni Noguera-Julian, Tessa Goetghebuer, Katja Doerholt, Luisa Galli, Dasja Pajkrt, Laura Marques, Intira J. Collins, Diana M. Gibb, Maria Isabel González Tome, Marisa Navarro, Josiane Warszawski, Christoph Königs, Vana Spoulou, Filipa Prata, Elena Chiappini, Lars Naver, Carlo Giaquinto, Claire Thorne, Magdalena Marczynska, Liubov Okhonskaia, Klara Posfay-Barbe, Pradthana Ounchanum, Pornchai Techakunakorn, Galina Kiseleva, Ruslan Malyuta, Alla Volokha, Luminita Ene, Ruth Goodall

PLOS Medicine: published January 30, 2018 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002491

Traumatic brain injury and the risk of dementia diagnosis: A nationwide cohort study

Anna Nordström, Peter Nordström

PLOS Medicine: published January 30, 2018 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002496